Sele ingaphezu konyaka ukususela oko i-coronavirus entsha yavela kubomi bethu, kodwa kusekho imibuzo emininzi oogqirha kunye noososayensi abangenakuyiphendula.
Omnye weyona mibuzo ibalulekileyo kukuba uyakukhuseleka ixesha elingakanani wakuba uchache kusulelo.
Lo ngumbuzo oxakwa ngumntu wonke, ukusuka kwizazinzulu ukuya phantse kwihlabathi liphela.Kwangaxeshanye, abo bafumene ugonyo lokuqala nabo bafuna ukwazi ukuba abakhuselekanga na kwintsholongwane.
Uvavanyo lwe-antibody lunokunceda ekusombululeni ezinye zezi ngxaki, kodwa ngelishwa, alunikezeli ngcaciso ecacileyo malunga nenqanaba lokugonywa.
Nangona kunjalo, basenokunceda, kwaye oogqirha baselabhorathri, ii-immunologists kunye nee-virologists baya kuchaza ngokweenkcukacha into ekufuneka uyazi.
Zimbini iindidi eziphambili: iimvavanyo ezilinganisa ubukho be-antibodies, kunye nolunye uvavanyo oluvavanya ukuba ezi zilwa-buhlungu zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani na kwintsholongwane.
Kweyokugqibela, ebizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-neutralization, i-serum iqhagamshelwe nenxalenye ye-coronavirus kwilabhoratri ukubona ukuba i-antibody isabela njani kunye nendlela intsholongwane eyaliwa ngayo.
Nangona uvavanyo lunganikezeli ngqiniseko ngokupheleleyo, kukhuselekile ukuthi "uvavanyo oluqinisekileyo lokungathathi hlangothi luhlala luthetha ukuba ukhuselwe," utshilo uThomas Lorentz ovela kwiqela legqirha laseJamani.
Isazi se-immunology uCarsten Watzl ubonisa ukuba uvavanyo lwe-neutralization luchaneke ngakumbi.Kodwa uphando lubonisa ukuba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwenani le-antibodies kunye nenani le-antibodies engathathi hlangothi.Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba ndine-antibodies ezininzi egazini lam, ke zonke ezi zithinteli-zifo akunakwenzeka ukuba zijolise kwindawo eyiyo yentsholongwane,” utshilo.
Oku kuthetha ukuba novavanyo olulula lwe-antibody lunokubonelela ngenqanaba elithile lokhuseleko, nangona iqondo abanokuxelela lona lilinganiselwe.
“Akukho mntu unokukuxelela ukuba leliphi inqanaba lokwenyani lokugomela,” utshilo uWatzl."Ungasebenzisa ezinye iintsholongwane, kodwa asikafiki kwinqanaba le-coronavirus."Ke ngoko, nokuba amanqanaba akho e-antibody aphezulu, kusekho ukungaqiniseki.
U-Lorentz uthe ngelixa oku kohluka ngokwamazwe, kwiindawo ezininzi zeYurophu, uvavanyo lwe-antibody apho oogqirha baqokelela igazi kwaye balithumele elabhoratri ukuze kuhlalutywe kunokubiza malunga ne-18 yee-Euro (i-22 yeedola), ngelixa iimvavanyo zokungathathi hlangothi ziPhakathi kwe-50 kunye ne-90 yee-Euro (60). -110 USD).
Kukho nolunye uvavanyo olulungele ukusetyenziswa ekhaya.Unokuthatha igazi kwiminwe yakho kwaye ulithumele elabhoratri ukuze lihlalutywe okanye ulilahle ngqo kwibhokisi yovavanyo-elifana novavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-antigen losulelo oluqatha lwe-coronavirus.
Nangona kunjalo, u-Lorenz ucebisa ngokuchasene nokwenza uvavanyo lwe-antibody ngokwakho.Ikhithi yovavanyo, kwaye emva koko uthumele isampuli yegazi kuyo, exabisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-70 yeedola.
Ezintathu zinika umdla ngakumbi.Ukusabela okukhawulezileyo komzimba womntu kwiintsholongwane zii-antibodies ze-IgA kunye ne-IgM.Bakha ngokukhawuleza, kodwa amanqanaba abo egazini emva kosulelo nawo ehla ngokukhawuleza kuneqela lesithathu le-antibodies.
Ezi zi-IgG antibodies, ezenziwe "ziiseli zememori", ezinye zazo ezinokuhlala emzimbeni ixesha elide kwaye ukhumbule ukuba intsholongwane ye-Sars-CoV-2 lutshaba.
“Abo basenazo ezi seli zenkumbulo banokukhawuleza bavelise amajoni amaninzi amatsha xa kufuneka,” utshilo uWatzl.
Umzimba awuvelisi ii-antibodies ze-IgG kude kube ziintsuku ezimbalwa emva kosulelo.Ke ngoko, ukuba uvavanya olu hlobo lwe-antibody njengesiqhelo, iingcali zithi kufuneka ulinde ubuncinci iiveki ezimbini emva kosulelo.
Kwangaxeshanye, umzekelo, ukuba uvavanyo lufuna ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba zikho izilwa-buhlungu ze-IgM, lunokuba lubi nakwiiveki nje ezimbalwa emva kosulelo.
“Ngexesha lobhubhani we-coronavirus, ukuvavanywa kwe-IgA kunye ne-IgM antibodies akuphumelelanga,” utshilo u-Lorenz.
Oku akuthethi ukuba awukhuselwanga yintsholongwane.UMarcus Planning, ugqirha waseJamani kwiSibhedlele seYunivesithi yaseFreiburg, wathi: “Sibabonile abantu abanosulelo olungephi kwaye amajoni abo e-antibody ehle ngokukhawuleza.
Oku kukwathetha ukuba uvavanyo lwabo lwe-antibody kungekudala luza kuba ne-negative-kodwa ngenxa yeeseli ze-T, basenokufumana inqanaba elithile lokhuseleko, eyenye indlela umzimba wethu esilwa ngayo nesifo.
Abazukutsibela kwintsholongwane ukubathintela ekumiseni kwiiseli zakho, kodwa baya kutshabalalisa iiseli ezihlaselwe yintsholongwane, zibenze zibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yempendulo yakho yomzimba.
Uthe oku kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba emva kosulelo, unamandla okuzikhusela kwi-T cell, eqinisekisa ukuba ufumana isifo esingaphantsi okanye ungabikho kwaphela, nangona une-antibodies ezimbalwa okanye ungabinazo.
Kwithiyori, wonke umntu ofuna ukuvavanya iiseli ze-T angenza uvavanyo lwegazi ngokubhekiselele kwindawo akuyo, kuba oogqirha beebhubhoratri ezahlukeneyo babonelela ngovavanyo lweeseli ze-T.
Umbuzo wamalungelo kunye nenkululeko nawo uxhomekeke apho ukhoyo.Kukho iindawo ezininzi ezinika nabani na one-COVID-19 kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo amalungelo afanayo nomntu ogonywe ngokupheleleyo.Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo oluqinisekileyo lwe-antibody alwanelanga.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ekuphela kwendlela yokungqina ixesha losulelo luvavanyo oluqinisekileyo lwe-PCR,” utshilo uWatzl.Oku kuthetha ukuba uvavanyo kufuneka luqhutywe ubuncinane iintsuku ezingama-28 kwaye zingadluli kwiinyanga ezintandathu.
U-Watzl uthe oku kunentsingiselo ngakumbi kubantu abano-immunodeficiencies okanye abathatha i-immunosuppressive agents."Ngabo, unokubona ukuba liphezulu kangakanani inqanaba le-antibody emva kogonyo lwesibini."Kuwo wonke umntu-nokuba lugonyo okanye ukululama-uWatzl ukholelwa ukuba ukubaluleka “kulinganiselwe.”
U-Lorenz uthe nabani na ofuna ukuvavanya ukhuselo lomzimba kwi-coronavirus kufuneka akhethe uvavanyo lokungathathi hlangothi.
Uthe akanakucinga ngalo naliphi na ixesha uvavanyo olulula lwe-antibody luya kuba sengqiqweni, ngaphandle kokuba ufuna nje ukwazi ukuba wosulelwe yintsholongwane.
Nceda ucofe ukuze ufunde isicatshulwa solwazi esilubhalileyo ngokuhambelana noMthetho woKhuseleko lweDatha ye-6698, kwaye ufumane ulwazi malunga neekuki ezisetyenziswe kwiwebhusayithi yethu ngokuhambelana nemithetho efanelekileyo.
6698: 351 iindlela
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-23-2021