Abenzi bomthetho beDemokhrasi bavakalise inkxalabo malunga nokungafani kobuhlanga ekufundweni kwe-pulse oximeter (ebhekisa kulo mbandela njengomcimbi "wobomi nokufa") kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokuba i-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ikhuphe isilumkiso esidlangalaleni kwezi zixhobo ngoLwesihlanu.Yamkele “imida” yabo.
Okwesihlandlo sokuqala emva kwamashumi eminyaka, abaphandi baye bafumanisa izinto ezingachananga ekusetyenzisweni kwesi sixhobo ngabantu bebala.Uluhlu lwezifundo ezitsha luvelise idatha entsha ukugxininisa le ngxaki emva kwamashumi eminyaka.Kutshanje, abaphandi abavela kwiDyunivesithi yaseMichigan bapapashe ileta kwimiba kaDisemba ka-2020 yeNew England Journal of Medicine, kwaye bafumanisa ukuba amathuba okuba i-hypoxemia elahlekileyo nge-oximeter yayiphindaphindeke kathathu yabaguli abamnyama.
"Nceda uqaphele ukuba izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kokufundwa kwe-pulse oximeter, njengokungahambi kakuhle kwegazi, ukuba nebala lesikhumba, ubukhulu bolusu, ubushushu bolusu, ukusetyenziswa kwecuba kwangoku, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-nail polish," isilumkiso se-FDA sabhala uTao.
Ayikhankanyi ngokucacileyo iyantlukwano yobuhlanga ekuchanekeni kwezixhobo, ezinokudanisa oogqirha kunye nezigulane ezizama ukutsala ingqalelo kule ngxaki.
"Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba igama elithi 'ugqatso' okanye 'ugqatso' alikhankanywanga kunxibelelwano lwe-FDA," utshilo uThomas Valley, ugqirha wemiphunga kunye nombhali weleta ye-NEJM.“Kwangaxeshanye, sifumene umahluko phakathi kwezigulana ezimnyama nezimhlophe.Asazi ukuba kutheni kukho lo mahluko, sicinga ukuba libala lolusu.”
Kubhubhani we-Covid-19, ii-pulse oximeters ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa amanqanaba eoksijini ziye zaba sisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu seklinikhi kuba intsholongwane iphazamisana nesakhono somzimba sokwenza ioksijini.Ezibhedlele, izixhobo zinendima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni izigqibo ngokhathalelo lomguli.Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo edlulileyo, emva kokuba oogqirha abaninzi becebise ukuba isixhobo sinokuba luncedo xa sisetyenziswa ekhaya (umzekelo, ngokufana nendlela abantu abanokufuna ngayo ukugcina ithemometha kwikhabhathi yamayeza), inguqulelo yasekhaya yesixhobo yaqala bhabha kwiishelufa kwivenkile yeziyobisi, kwaye uthengise ngokukhawuleza kwi-Amazon nakwezinye iisayithi ze-intanethi.
Nangona kunjalo, iphepha langoDisemba ophelileyo (kunye neembekiselo zalo kuthotho lwezifundo zangaphambili ezibhala ingxaki efanayo, kubandakanywa namaphepha apapashwe ngo-2005) abaphandi kunye neekliniki zothusa, abathi abazange bafumane into yokufunda malunga nale ngxaki.Ukuphoxeka ngesisombululo sesondo.Iminyaka eyi-15.
Utibe Essien, unjingalwazi oncedisayo kwezamayeza kwiYunivesithi yasePittsburgh School of Medicine, wathi: “Andikukholelwa ukuchaneka kweli nani, kwaye ukuthembela kwizixhobo ezinokuthand’ icala kumaqela athile abantu kuphazamisa ngokwenene.”, Xelela i-STAT. ekuqaleni kwale nyanga.
Ekuphenduleni ezi nkxalabo, uWilliam Maisel, umlawuli we-Ofisi yoVavanyo lweMveliso kunye noMgangatho weZiko le-FDA leZixhobo kunye neRadiological Health, uxelele i-STAT ukuba i-arhente ihlaziya idatha ekhoyo kwaye iqwalasela uphando olongezelelweyo ukuba luyimfuneko.Uthe i-FDA iqinisekile ukuba i-oximeters esekelwe esibhedlele inezinga eliphezulu lokuchaneka, kodwa yongezelela ukuba oku akunjalo kwizixhobo ezithengiswa kwi-intanethi nakwii-pharmacy, kwaye i-arhente ayizange ihlolisise okanye ivume oku.
UMichael Schuddin, i-pulmonologist kwiYunivesithi yaseMichigan State kunye nombhali weleta ye-NEJM, uthe wayevuyiswa kukuba ingxelo ye-FDA igxininise ukubaluleka kokungathembeli kakhulu kwi-pulse oximeters ukwenza izigqibo zonyango.Nangona kunjalo, wongeze ukuba ukholelwa ukuba ukungalukhankanyi ngokucacileyo ugqatso “lithuba elilahlekileyo.”
Uthe: "Ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kweli nqaku, ndiyakrokrela ukuba i-FDA ifuna ukuluphaphela ulwazi lwabo malunga nokungafani kobuhlanga ekuchanekeni kwe-pulse oximeter kwaye inike ingqwalasela engakumbi kumbandela wokuchaneka kwe-pulse oximeter."
U-Erin yintatheli yetekhnoloji yezempilo eCalifornia kunye nombhali-mbhali we-STAT Health Tech newsletter.
Statnews, sisebenza abantwana ngoku?Ibhayoloji kunye nefiziksi zifundiswa kwiiklasi ezingentla kwesikolo samabanga aphantsi, kodwa umbhali weli nqaku akabonakali eyazi ibhayoloji kunye nefiziksi.
Omnye umgqali ucebise ukuba yinto efanelekileyo ukuba umbhali ahlele inqaku ukusuka "kumzimba ovelisa i-oxygen" ukuya "kumzimba ovelisa i-oxygen".
Ukukhanya kuvaliwe/kufunxwa yi-pigment.Umbala owubona kwipeyinti ngumbala obonakaliswa yipeyinti.Ke ngoko, into oyibonayo imnyama, oko kuthetha ukuba imibala ephambili kwi-reflection spectrum ayiyomibala ephambili.Emhlophe, yonke imibala ibonakaliswe.I-oximeter isebenza phantsi kokukhanya, ngoko ichaphazeleka kakhulu kukukhanya okuvaliweyo / ukukhanya okufunxayo.
Kubonakala ngathi ababhali beli nqaku abakayifumani ibhayoloji nefiziksi, ngoko ke kufuneka babe nemfundo esisiseko kuphela.Ekubeni isikolo samabanga aphakamileyo kunye nesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo zizifundo ezinyanzelekileyo, ukufundisa ibhayoloji kunye nefiziksi, kunokusinceda ukuba sicinge malunga nokuba sisebenza ngokuqeshwa kwabantwana apha, ukuze abantwana besikolo samabanga aphantsi babhale eli nqaku.Ngaba siyifumene imvume yabazali bethu?
Ukulinganisa ioksijini yeminwe kusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-infrared ukubona ukugcwala kweoksijini, kuba ihemoglobin eneoksijini ifunxa ngakumbi ukukhanya kwe-infrared.SO: Ngokusekwe ekubhaqweni kokukhanya, esi sixhobo asisebenzi kangako kubantu abanolusu olumnyama.Oku kwaziwa iminyaka engaphezulu kwe-20, kodwa akukho manyathelo athathiweyo ukulungisa.I-FDA kufuneka ichaze ngokucacileyo le nto, enokuthi ikhuthaze ukuphuhliswa kweemitha ze-oksijini (umnwe), kuba i-DOES isebenza ngcono kubantu abanolusu olumnyama."Ucalucalulo lobuhlanga" kwisihloko seli nqaku yimbonakalo yombala yesiphene esicacileyo (i-pun ekujoliswe kuyo).
Mbhali, ndinentloni ngokwanda kweyantlukwano yobuhlanga.Inqaku lakho lehlisa umgangatho westatnews.Nangona kunjalo, ngelo xesha wawungewedwa ekwenzeni oku kwi-statnews.Mhlawumbi umgangatho westatnews uyehla.
Zayeka nini izinto zobuhlanga zeLiberal Party xa iphambene?Umdyarho oximeter?Ifana ne-covid-19 yobuhlanga.Inkululeko sisifo sengqondo esiyingozi.Hayi, iinkululeko ngokuqinisekileyo azicaluli ngokobuhlanga.Baphatha wonke umntu ngokulinganayo.Bathiya wonke umntu ngokusemthethweni eUnited States.
I-oximeter isebenzisa umqadi wokukhanya ukulinganisa ioksijini.Ukuba unazo naziphi na izinto ezithintela ukukhanya (ezifana nepeyinti, i-nail polish, njl.), ukukhanya okukhanyayo kuya kuchaphazeleka.Ingqiqo kancinane kunocalucalulo lobuhlanga.
Oogqirha abangenalwazi abathetha ngekhethe lobuhlanga baziziyatha.Imithetho yefiziksi ayiboni ngokobuhlanga kwaye ilawulwa yimithetho yefiziksi.Xa unjingalwazi / umfundisi-ntsapho efundisa ulwazi olusisiseko lokusasaza ukukhanya, i-diffraction, kunye nokufunxa, ubonakala elele eklasini.Andifuni ukuba ugqirha osileyo njengaye andinyange.
Umbhali kufuneka enze uphando oluninzi malunga nendlela i-oximeter esebenza ngayo, kungekhona iqhinga lobuhlanga.
Ngaba iqondo le-melanization yolusu lomntu kunye nebhedi yeenzipho idlala indima ye-physiological ekufunxeni ukukhanya kunye nokusasaza?Ndikhumbula inqaku lakutshanje elipapashwe kwi-NEJM (iNew England Journal of Medicine) yaphakamisa lo mbuzo.Njengomntu ogxile kwisayensi kunye nogqirha osebenzayo, ndiyakwamkela ukuba uqwalasele naziphi na iimbono kunye nokuqonda okuluncedo kuvavanyo lwam lwesigulana.Into yokuqala endimele ndiyiqwalasele kukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukufundwa kwe-pulse oximeter kuya kuchatshazelwa yi-degree okanye ubukhulu be-melanin esikhumbeni kunye nezikhonkwane.Leyo yibhayoloji kunye nefiziksi!Ukufunxwa kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet ngolusu kunye nendlela echaphazela ngayo imveliso kunye ne-metabolism ye-vitamin D eluswini icacisa ngakumbi le ngongoma.Ngenene imelanin inokunciphisa ukufunxwa kokukhanya kweUVB eluswini!Kubalulekile ukuqonda nokuqonda oku.
Ayizizo zonke inzululwazi “ezinobuhlanga”!Ngaphandle kokuba kwaye side sifunde, sifunde kwaye sifunde "iSayensi", kufuneka silumke kakhulu ukuba singenzi izigqibo eziphosakeleyo!
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-09-2021