Abenzi bomthetho beDemokhrasi bavakalise inkxalabo malunga nokungafani kobuhlanga ekufundweni kwe-pulse oximeter (ebiza le nto "ngobomi nokufa") kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokuba i-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ikhuphe isilumkiso esidlangalaleni kwezi zixhobo ngoLwesihlanu.Yamkele “imida” yabo.
Ngethuba lokuqala kumashumi eminyaka, abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukungachaneki xa besebenzisa isixhobo ngabantu bemibala, kwaye uchungechunge lwezifundo ezitsha luye lwavelisa idatha entsha ebonisa ingxaki kwaye yakhupha isilumkiso kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva.Kutshanje, abaphandi abavela kwiDyunivesithi yaseMichigan bapapashe ileta kwimiba kaDisemba ka-2020 yeNew England Journal of Medicine, kwaye bafumanisa ukuba amathuba okuba i-hypoxemia elahlekileyo nge-oximeter yayiphindaphindeke kathathu yabaguli abamnyama.
"Nceda uqaphele ukuba izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kokufundwa kwe-pulse oximeter, njengokujikeleza okungahambi kakuhle, umbala wolusu, ubukhulu bolusu, ubushushu bolusu, ukusetyenziswa kwecuba kwangoku, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-nail polish," isilumkiso se-FDA sifundeka.
Ayikhankanyi ngokucacileyo iyantlukwano yobuhlanga ekuchanekeni kwezixhobo, ezinokudanisa oogqirha kunye nezigulane ezizama ukutsala ingqalelo kule ngxaki.
"Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba igama elithi 'ugqatso' okanye 'ugqatso' alikhankanywanga kunxibelelwano lwe-FDA," utshilo uThomas Valley, ugqirha wemiphunga kunye nombhali weleta ye-NEJM.“Kwangaxeshanye, sifumanise ukuba kukho umahluko phakathi kwezigulane ezimnyama nezimhlophe.Asazi ukuba kutheni kukho umahluko ongaka, sicinga ukuba libala lolusu.”
Ngexesha lendyikityha ye-Covid-19, ii-pulse oximeters ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa amanqanaba e-oksijini ziye zaba sisixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu seklinikhi kuba intsholongwane iphazamisana nesakhono somzimba sokwenza ioksijini.Ezibhedlele, izixhobo zinendima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni izigqibo ngokhathalelo lomguli.Ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo edlulileyo, emva kokuba oogqirha abaninzi becebise ukuba kunokuba luncedo ukugcina isixhobo ekhaya (umzekelo, ngokufana nendlela abantu abanokufuna ngayo ukugcina ithemometha kwikhabhathi yamayeza), inguqulelo yasekhaya yesixhobo yaqala. ukubhabha kwiishelufa kwiikhemesti kunye neAmazon kunye nezinye iisayithi ze-intanethi zithengiswe ngokukhawuleza.
Nangona kunjalo, iphepha langoDisemba ophelileyo (kunye neembekiselo zalo kuthotho lwezifundo zangaphambili ezibhala ingxaki efanayo, kubandakanywa namaphepha apapashwe ngo-2005) abaphandi kunye neekliniki zothusa, abathi abazange bayifumane into ukuze bafunde ngale ngxaki.Ukuphoxeka ngesisombululo sesondo.Iminyaka eyi-15.
Utibe Essien, unjingalwazi oncedisayo kwezamayeza kwiYunivesithi yasePittsburgh School of Medicine, wathi: “Andikukholelwa ukuchaneka kweli nani, kwaye ukuthembela kwizixhobo ezinokuthand’ icala kumaqela athile abantu kuphazamisa ngokwenene.”, Xelela i-STAT. ekuqaleni kwale nyanga.
Ekuphenduleni ezi nkxalabo, uWilliam Maisel, umlawuli we-Ofisi yoVavanyo lweMveliso kunye noMgangatho weZiko le-FDA leZixhobo kunye neRadiological Health, uxelele i-STAT ukuba i-arhente ihlaziya idatha ekhoyo kwaye iqwalasela uphando olongezelelweyo ukuba luyimfuneko.Uthe i-FDA iqinisekile ukuba i-oximeters esekelwe esibhedlele inezinga eliphezulu lokuchaneka, kodwa yongezelela ukuba izixhobo ezithengiswa kwi-intanethi nakwii-pharmacy, oku akunakuchaneka, kwaye i-arhente ayizange ihlolisise okanye ivume oku.
UMichael Schuddin, i-pulmonologist kwiYunivesithi yaseMichigan State kunye nombhali weleta ye-NEJM, uthe uyavuya kukuba i-FDA igxininise kwingxelo yayo ukubaluleka kokungathembeli kakhulu kwi-pulse oximeters ukwenza izigqibo zonyango.Nangona kunjalo, wongeze ukuba ukholelwa ukuba ukungalukhankanyi ngokucacileyo ugqatso “lithuba elilahlekileyo.”
Uthe: "Ngenxa yemida yeli nqaku, ndiyakrokrela ukuba i-FDA ifuna ukuluphaphela ulwazi lwabo malunga nokungafani kobuhlanga ekuchanekeni kwe-pulse oximeter, kwaye igxininise ngakumbi kumbandela wokuchaneka kwe-pulse oximeter."
U-Erin yintatheli yetekhnoloji yezempilo eCalifornia kunye nombhali-mbhali we-STAT Health Tech newsletter.
Statnews, sisebenza abantwana ngoku?Ibhayoloji kunye nefiziksi zifundiswa kwiiklasi ezingentla kwesikolo samabanga aphantsi, kodwa umbhali weli nqaku akabonakali eyazi ibhayoloji kunye nefiziksi.
Njengoko omnye umgqali ucebise, kuyinto enhle ukuba umbhali ahlele inqaku ukusuka "kumzimba ovelisa i-oxygen" ukuya "kumzimba ovelisa i-oxygen".
Ukukhanya kuvaliwe/kufunxwa yi-pigment.Umbala owubona kwipeyinti ngumbala obonakaliswa yipeyinti.Ke ngoko, into oyibonayo imnyama, oko kuthetha ukuba imibala ephambili kwi-reflection spectrum ayiyomibala ephambili.Emhlophe, yonke imibala ibonakaliswe.I-oximeter isebenza phantsi kokukhanya, ngoko ichaphazeleka kakhulu kukukhanya okuvaliweyo / ukukhanya okufunxayo.
Kubonakala ngathi ababhali beli nqaku abakayifumani ibhayoloji nefiziksi, ngoko ke kufuneka babe nemfundo esisiseko kuphela.Ekubeni isikolo samabanga aphakamileyo samabanga aphakamileyo kunye nesamabanga aphakamileyo zizizifundo ezisisinyanzelo, ukufundisa ibhayoloji kunye nefiziksi, kunokusinceda sicinge malunga nokuba sibandakanyeke ekusetyenzisweni kwabantwana apha, ukuze abantwana besikolo samabanga aphantsi bakwazi ukubhala eli nqaku.Ngaba siyifumene imvume yabazali bethu?
Ukulinganisa ioksijini yeminwe kusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-infrared ukubona ukugcwala kweoksijini, kuba ihemoglobin eneoksijini ifunxa ngakumbi ukukhanya kwe-infrared.SO: Ngokusekwe ekubhaqweni kokukhanya, esi sixhobo asisebenzi kangako kubantu abanolusu olumnyama.Oku kwaziwa iminyaka engaphezulu kwe-20, kodwa akukho manyathelo athathiweyo ukulungisa.I-FDA kufuneka ichaze ngokucacileyo le nto, enokuthi ikhuthaze ukuphuhliswa kweemitha ze-oksijini (umnwe), kuba i-DOES isebenza ngcono kubantu abanolusu olumnyama."Ucalucalulo lobuhlanga" kwisihloko seli nqaku yimbonakalo yombala yesiphene esicacileyo (i-pun ekujoliswe kuyo).
Mbhali, ndinentloni ngokwanda kweyantlukwano yobuhlanga.Inqaku lakho lehlisa umgangatho westatnews.Nangona kunjalo, ngelo xesha wawungewedwa ekwenzeni oku kwi-statnews.Mhlawumbi umgangatho westatnews uyehla.
Zayeka nini izinto zobuhlanga zeLiberal Party xa iphambene?Umdyarho oximeter?Ifana ne-covid-19 yobuhlanga.Inkululeko sisifo sengqondo esiyingozi.Hayi, iinkululeko ngokuqinisekileyo azicaluli ngokobuhlanga.Baphatha wonke umntu ngokulinganayo.Bathiya wonke umntu ngokusemthethweni eUnited States.
I-oximeter isebenzisa umqadi wokukhanya ukulinganisa ioksijini.Ukuba unazo naziphi na izinto ezithintela ukukhanya (ezifana nepeyinti, i-nail polish, njl.), ukukhanya okukhanyayo kuya kuchaphazeleka.Ingqiqo kancinane kunocalucalulo lobuhlanga.
Oogqirha abangenalwazi abathetha ngekhethe lobuhlanga baziziyatha.Imithetho yefiziksi ayiboni ngokobuhlanga kwaye ilawulwa yimithetho yefiziksi.Xa unjingalwazi / umfundisi-ntsapho efundisa ulwazi olusisiseko lokusasaza ukukhanya, i-diffraction, kunye nokufunxa, ubonakala elele eklasini.Andifuni ukuba ugqirha osileyo njengaye andinyange.
Umbhali kufuneka enze uphando oluninzi malunga nendlela i-oximeter esebenza ngayo, kungekhona iqhinga lobuhlanga.
Ngaba iqondo le-melanization yolusu lomntu kunye nebhedi yeenzipho idlala indima ye-physiological ekufunxeni ukukhanya kunye nokusasaza?Ndikhumbula inqaku lakutshanje elipapashwe kwi-NEJM (iNew England Journal of Medicine) yaphakamisa lo mbuzo.Njengomntu ogxile kwisayensi kunye nogqirha osebenzayo, ndiyakwamkela ukuqwalaselwa kwazo naziphi na iimbono kunye nokuqonda okunokundinceda ndivavanye izigulana.Ingqwalasela yam yokuqala kukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukufundwa kwe-pulse oximeter kuya kuchaphazeleka kwinqanaba okanye ukuqina kwe-melanin esikhumbeni nasezikhonkwane.Leyo yibhayoloji kunye nefiziksi!Ukufunxwa kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet ngolusu kunye nendlela echaphazela ngayo imveliso kunye ne-metabolism ye-vitamin D eluswini icacisa ngakumbi le ngongoma.Ngenene imelanin inokunciphisa ukufunxwa kokukhanya kweUVB eluswini!Kubalulekile ukuqonda nokuqonda oku.
Ayizizo zonke inzululwazi “ezinobuhlanga”!Ngaphandle kokuba kwaye side sifunde, sifunde kwaye sifunde "iSayensi", kufuneka silumke kakhulu ukuba singenzi izigqibo eziphosakeleyo!
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-03-2021