I-COVID-19 sisifo sokuphefumla esinokubangela ukugula kakhulu, ngakumbi kubantu abaneengxaki zempilo ezifana nesifo seswekile, ukutyeba, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
Iindidi ezimbini zovavanyo eziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya usulelo lwangoku lwe-SARS-CoV-2 (i-coronavirus ebangela i-COVID-19).
Udidi lokuqala luvavanyo lwe-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), olukwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lokuxilonga okanye uvavanyo lwemolekyuli.Ezi zinokunceda ukufumanisa i-COVID-19 ngokuvavanya imathiriyeli yemfuzo ye-coronavirus.Uvavanyo lwe-PCR luthathwa ngamaZiko oLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo (CDC) njengomgangatho wegolide wokuxilongwa.
Okwesibini luvavanyo lwe-antigen.Oku kunceda ukufumanisa i-COVID-19 ngokukhangela iimolekyuli ezithile ezifunyenwe kumphezulu wentsholongwane ye-SARS-CoV-2.
Uvavanyo olukhawulezayo luvavanyo lwe-COVID-19 olunokubonelela ngeziphumo kwimizuzu nje eli-15 kwaye alufuni uhlalutyo lwaselabhoratri.Ezi zidla ngokuthatha uhlobo lovavanyo lwe-antigen.
Nangona iimvavanyo ezikhawulezayo zinokunika iziphumo ezikhawulezayo, azichanekanga njengovavanyo lwe-PCR oluhlalutywe elabhoratri.Funda ukuze ufunde malunga nokuchaneka kovavanyo olukhawulezayo kunye nexesha lokuzisebenzisa endaweni yovavanyo lwe-PCR.
Uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-COVID-19 ludla ngokubonelela ngeziphumo kwimizuzu embalwa, ngaphandle kwemfuneko yengcali yokuyihlalutya elabhoratri.
Uninzi lovavanyo olukhawulezayo luvavanyo lwe-antigen, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha la magama mabini anokusetyenziswa ngokutshintshanayo.Nangona kunjalo, i-CDC ayisasebenzisi igama elithi "ukukhawuleza" ukuchaza uvavanyo lwe-antigen ngenxa yokuba i-FDA ikwamkele uvavanyo lwe-antigen olusekelwe elabhoratri.
Ngethuba lovavanyo, wena okanye ugqirha uya kufaka i-cotton swab empumlweni yakho, emqaleni, okanye zombini ukuqokelela i-mucus kunye neeseli.Ukuba uvavanyo luthi unayo i-COVID-19, isampulu yakho iya kusetyenziswa kuluhlu olutshintsha umbala.
Nangona ezi mvavanyo zibonelela ngeziphumo ezikhawulezayo, azichanekanga njengovavanyo lwaselabhoratri kuba zifuna intsholongwane engakumbi kwisampulu yakho ukunika ingxelo ngesiphumo esihle.Iimvavanyo ezikhawulezayo zinomngcipheko omkhulu wokunika iziphumo ezingalunganga zobuxoki.
Uphononongo lukaMatshi ngo-2021 luphonononge iziphumo zezifundo ezingama-64 ezivavanye ukuchaneka kovavanyo lwentengiso ekhawulezileyo ye-antigen okanye iimvavanyo zemolekyuli.
Abaphandi baye bafumanisa ukuba ukuchaneka kovavanyo kuyahluka kakhulu.Oku kukufumanisa kwabo.
Kubantu abaneempawu ze-COVID-19, umyinge wama-72% ovavanyo oluchanekileyo lunike iziphumo ezilungileyo.I-95% yexesha lokuzithemba yi-63.7% ukuya kwi-79%, oku kuthetha ukuba umphandi u-95% uqinisekile ukuba umyinge uwela phakathi kwezi zimbini.
Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba abantu abangenazo iimpawu ze-COVID-19 bavavanywe ngokuchanekileyo ukuba banayo kwi-58.1% yovavanyo olukhawulezayo.I-95% yexesha lokuzithemba yi-40.2% ukuya kuma-74.1%.
Xa uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo lwenziwa kwiveki yokuqala yeempawu, lubonelele ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi iziphumo ezine-COVID-19.Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba kwiveki yokuqala, umndilili we-78.3% yamatyala, uvavanyo olukhawulezayo luchonge ngokuchanekileyo i-COVID-19.
I-Coris Bioconcept ifumene awona manqaku mabi, ibonelela ngokuchanekileyo isiphumo esine-COVID-19 kuphela kwi-34.1% yamatyala.I-SD Biosensor STANDARD Q ifumene awona manqaku aphezulu kwaye ichonge ngokuchanekileyo isiphumo esine-COVID-19 kuma-88.1% abantu.
Kolunye uphononongo olupapashwe ngo-Epreli ka-2021, abaphandi bathelekisa ukuchaneka kwe-COVID-19 yovavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-antigen.Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba zonke iimvavanyo ezine zichonge ngokuchanekileyo iimeko ze-COVID-19 malunga nesiqingatha sexesha, kwaye iimeko ezingalunganga ze-COVID-19 zichongwe ngokuchanekileyo phantse lonke ixesha.
Uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo alufane lunike iziphumo ezingeyonyani.Uvavanyo olungeyonyani kuxa ungavavanywanga ukuba unayo i-COVID-19.
Kuphononongo lwezifundo ezikhankanywe ngasentla ngoMatshi ka-2021, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo ngokuchanekileyo lunike iziphumo ezine-COVID-19 kwi-99.6% yabantu.
Nangona amathuba okufumana iziphumo ezingezizo ezingeyonyani ephezulu, uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-COVID-19 luneenzuzo ezininzi xa kuthelekiswa novavanyo lwe-PCR.
Izikhululo zeenqwelomoya ezininzi, amabala emidlalo, iipaki zemixholo, kunye nezinye iindawo ezixineneyo zibonelela ngovavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-COVID-19 ukuze kuhlolwe iimeko ezinokuthi zibe kho.Uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo aluzukubona zonke iimeko ze-COVID-19, kodwa banokufumanisa iimeko ezithile ebezinokungahoywa.
Ukuba uvavanyo lwakho olukhawulezileyo lubonisa ukuba awosulelwanga yi-coronavirus kodwa uneempawu ze-COVID-19, usenokufumana iziphumo ezingezizo ezingalunganga.Kungcono uqinisekise iziphumo zakho ezingalunganga ngovavanyo oluchanekileyo lwe-PCR.
Uvavanyo lwe-PCR lukholisa ukuchaneka ngakumbi kunovavanyo olukhawulezayo.I-CT scans azifane zisetyenziswe ukufumanisa i-COVID-19.Uvavanyo lwe-antigen lunokusetyenziswa ukuxilonga usulelo oludlulileyo.
Uvavanyo lwe-PCR covid isengumgangatho wegolide wokufumanisa i-COVID-19.Uphononongo lukaJanuwari ka-2021 lwafumanisa ukuba uvavanyo lwe-PCR lwe-mucus lufumanise ngokuchanekileyo i-COVID-19 kwi-97.2% yamatyala.
Izikena ze-CT aziqhelekanga ukusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-COVID-19, kodwa zinokubona i-COVID-19 ngokuchonga iingxaki zemiphunga.Nangona kunjalo, azisebenzi njengezinye iimvavanyo, kwaye kunzima ukulawula ezinye iintlobo zezifo zokuphefumla.
Uphononongo olufanayo ngoJanuwari ka-2021 lufumanise ukuba i-CT scans zichonge ngokuchanekileyo iimeko ze-COVID-19 ezingama-91.9% wexesha, kodwa ngama-25.1% kuphela exesha ezichonge ngokuchanekileyo iimeko ze-COVID-19.
Uvavanyo lwe-antibody lujonga iiproteni eziveliswe sisistim somzimba wakho, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antibodies, ezibonisa usulelo oludlulileyo lwe-coronavirus.Ngokukodwa, bajonga amajoni omzimba abizwa ngokuba yi-IgM kunye ne-IgG.Uvavanyo lwe-antibody alukwazi ukubona usulelo lwangoku lwe-coronavirus.
Uphononongo lukaJanuwari 2021 lufumanise ukuba uvavanyo lwe-IgM kunye ne-IgG ye-antibody ichonge ngokuchanekileyo ubukho bezi zithinteli-zifo kwi-84.5% kunye ne-91.6% yamatyala, ngokulandelelanayo.
Ukuba ucinga ukuba une-COVID-19, kufuneka uzahlule kwabanye ngokukhawuleza.I-CDC iyaqhubeka nokucebisa ukuba ube wedwa kangangeentsuku ezili-14, ngaphandle kokuba ugonyelwe ngokupheleleyo i-coronavirus okanye uvavanywe ukuba unayo i-COVID-19 kwezi nyanga zi-3 zidlulileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zakho azinaso okanye emva kosuku lwesi-5, isebe lezempilo likarhulumente lendawo yakho linokucebisa ukuba uvalelwe yedwa kangangeentsuku ezili-10 okanye uvalelwe yedwa kangangeentsuku ezisi-7.
Uphononongo lubonise ukuba uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-COVID-19 luchaneka kakhulu kwiveki yokuqala emva kokuvela kweempawu.
Ngovavanyo olukhawulezayo, umngcipheko wokufumana umphumo ongalunganga wobuxoki uphezulu kakhulu.Kubantu abaneempawu, kukho malunga nama-25% amathuba okufumana i-negative engeyonyani.Kubantu abangenazo iimpawu, umngcipheko malunga ne-40%.Kwelinye icala, inqanaba lobuxoki elinikwe luvavanyo olukhawulezayo lingaphantsi kwe-1%.
Uvavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-COVID-19 lunokuba luvavanyo lokuqala lokufumanisa ukuba unayo na i-coronavirus ebangela i-COVID-19.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneempawu kwaye iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho olukhawulezayo zisithi awunayo, kungcono uqinisekise iziphumo zakho ngovavanyo lwe-PCR.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-21-2021