Abahleli bethu bazikhethele ngokuzimeleyo ezi zinto kuba besicinga ukuba ungazithanda kwaye ungazithanda kula maxabiso.Ukuba uthenga iimpahla ngekhonkco lethu, sinokufumana ikhomishini.Ukusukela ngexesha lokupapashwa, amaxabiso kunye nokufumaneka kuchanekile.Funda ngakumbi ngokuthenga namhlanje.
Ukuqala kobhubhane, abantu kuye kwafuneka balinde emgceni iiyure ezininzi ukuze bavavanyelwe i-Covid, kodwa ngoku inkampani ithengisa izixhobo zokuxilonga usulelo ekhaya.Njengoko abantu baseMelika benikela ingqalelo ngakumbi kwiiyantlukwano ze-Covid, kwaye ngenxa yokonyuka kwamatyala amahle, izikhokelo zemaski kwilizwe liphela zitshintshile, unokujonga uvavanyo.Sixoxe neengcali ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lwe-Covid zasekhaya kunye nendlela ezisebenza ngayo, kwaye ngubani ofanele ukuzisebenzisa.
Siye saqokelela izixhobo zovavanyo ezigunyazisiweyo ze-FDA, onokuzisebenzisa ekhaya kwaye uzithenge kubathengisi.Iingcali zagxininisa ukuba uvavanyo lwasekhaya aluthatheli indawo yokunxiba iimaski okanye ugonyo, kwaye bagxininisa ukuba iindlela zovavanyo lwasekhaya zinokubonisa iziphumo ezingalunganga.Nokuba ithini na imeko yakho yogonyo, akukho mntu kufuneka akhululwe kuvavanyo lwe-Covid ukuba uneempawu ezihambelanayo.
Njengeemaski ze-KN95 kunye nogonyo lwe-Covid, i-US Food and Drug Administration ikhuphe ugunyaziso lokusetyenziswa olungxamisekileyo kuvavanyo oluthile loxilongo kwaye yaludwelisa kwi-intanethi.Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokuvavanya ekhaya:
UColbil, MD, umlawuli wovavanyo lweempawu ze-COVID-1 kwiDyunivesithi yase-Indiana, wachaza ukuba inzuzo yeendlela zovavanyo lwe-Covid ekhaya kukuba zivumela abantu ukuba bavavanywe rhoqo, okunokukhokelela kusulelo oluninzi kunye nokunciphisa usulelo.Iqela le-19 leeMpendulo zezoNyango kunye noNjingalwazi oNcedisayo we-IU School of Medicine.Nangona kunjalo, kuyingozi ukufumana imvakalelo yobuxoki yokhuseleko kwiindlela zovavanyo lwasekhaya kuba ngokubanzi azinabuntununtunu njengovavanyo olwenziwa ziingcali zeofisi yezonyango.
“Olu vavanyo kufuneka lusetyenziswe ngononophelo,” utshilo uBiller."Ukuba usengozini enkulu kunye / okanye uneempawu kwaye iziphumo zovavanyo zakho azinayo, kuseluncedo ukuba wenze uvavanyo olusesikweni kwilabhoratri yesibhedlele."
UGqr Omai Garner, uMlawuli weMpilo yeKlinikhi yeMicrobiology kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eLos Angeles, uthe olona vavanyo lubalaseleyo lwe-Covid luvavanyo lwe-polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Uthe akukho vavanyo lwe-PCR oluvunyiweyo ukuba luvavanywe ekhaya, okuthetha ukuba "olona vavanyo luchanekileyo lwe-Covid alunakwenziwa ngokupheleleyo ekhaya."Iikiti zovavanyo lwasekhaya azichanekanga njengovavanyo lwe-PCR olwenziwa ziilabhoratri zobuchule, kuba uvavanyo lwasekhaya (maxa wambi lubizwa ngokuba “luvavanyo olukhawulezayo”) lufuna intsholongwane ethe chatha kwisampulu ukuvavanya iziphumo ezibonisa ukuba unayo.Ukuba uvavanyo luphambi kwexesha, amanqanaba asezantsi entsholongwane anokubakho kwisampulu, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingachanekanga.
Iimvavanyo zokuqokelelwa kwekhaya zivelisa iziphumo ezichanekileyo kunezixhobo zovavanyo lwasekhaya.Ukuqokelela ikiti ekhaya kuya kukukhuthaza ukuba uqokelele isampulu kwaye uyithumele kwilabhoratri-ilabhoratri yenza uvavanyo lwe-PCR, kwaye emva koko ufumana iziphumo kusuku okanye ezimbini.Ikhithi yovavanyo lwasekhaya ayifuni ukuba uthumele iisampuli elabhoratri ukuze zivavanywe.
Ke ngaba indlela yovavanyo lwasekhaya inokuthenjwa?USharon Nachman, MD, umlawuli weSebe leZifo ezosulelayo zabantwana kwiSibhedlele saBantwana saseStony Brook, wachaza ukuba impendulo inzima, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ihla ukuba ngubani ovavanyiweyo, xa uvavanyo lwenziwa, kunye nohlobo lovavanyo olusetyenzisiweyo.
Uthe: "Ukuba uneempawu kwaye uvavanyiwe kuba ungafuni ukuzisa abagulayo emsebenzini, uvavanyo lwasekhaya luya kuba luncedo kakhulu."“Kodwa ukuba uziva ulungile, kungafuneka uvavanywe rhoqo kunanamhlanje ukuze uqinisekise ukuba unokuvavanywa kwiveki ezayo.Qhubeka nokuhamba.”
Iikiti zokuqokelela izindlu kunye nokuvavanya zihlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini kuluhlu lwe-FDA: iimvavanyo zokuxilonga iimolekyuli kunye neemvavanyo zokuxilonga i-antigen.Olona hlobo ludumileyo lovavanyo lwemolekyuli luvavanyo lwePCR.Ngamnye ufumanise indawo eyahlukileyo yentsholongwane ye-Covid.Ukufana phakathi kwezi mvavanyo zimbini kukuba banokufumanisa usulelo kwaye zenziwa kwiimpumlo okanye umqala.Ukusuka apho, iindlela zahlukile, kwaye iingcali zithi lo mahluko umisela ukuthembeka kovavanyo kunye nendlela onokuthi uyisebenzise ngayo.
Nangona lungekho uvavanyo lwe-PCR olusekelwe ekhaya oluvunyiweyo, unokuqokelela isampulu yovavanyo lwe-PCR ekhaya uze emva koko uyithumele kwilabhoratri yesampula.Emva kokuba i-laboratory ifumene isampuli, ingcali iya kuvavanya, kwaye uya kufumana umphumo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
"Ezi zixhobo zokuqokelela ekhaya zinokuchaneka okungcono kunezixhobo zovavanyo lwasekhaya," utshilo uGarner."Oku kungenxa yokuba iimvavanyo zePCR ezisemgangathweni ziqhutywa kwiisampulu, kwaye abantu abaqhuba uvavanyo ziingcali."
Emva kokuthatha i-swab yeempumlo, yithumele kwakhona kwilebhu, apho ilabhoratri iya kwenza uvavanyo lwe-PCR kwaye ibonelele ngeziphumo zakho kwi-intanethi.Ungazifumana iziphumo kwiiyure ezingama-48 emva kokuba ikiti ifikile elabhoratri, kwaye ikhithi ineleyibhile yokubuya ngobusuku.I-brand yachaza ukuba ikiti yokuqokelela uvavanyo ingasetyenziselwa abantwana abaneminyaka emi-3 nangaphezulu.
Ungathenga le kiti yengqokelela yovavanyo lwe-Covid ngokwahlukeneyo okanye ipakethe ye-10. Isebenzisa iisampulu zamathe, kwaye ikhithi iza nomrhumo ohlawulelwayo wokuthumela ngenqanawa.Iziphumo zinokufumaneka kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-72 emva kokuba isampuli ifikile elabhoratri.
Ikiti yovavanyo ye-Everlywell ye-Covid yenzelwe abantu abaneminyaka eli-18 nangaphezulu.Uqokelela i-swab yeempumlo kwaye uyithumele isampuli kwibhubhoratri.Ilabhoratri yenza uvavanyo lwe-PCR kwaye ibonelela ngesiphumo sedijithali kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-28 emva kokuba isampulu ifikile elabhoratri.Ukuba iziphumo zakho zilungile, umcebisi we-telemedicine unokukunika isikhokelo simahla.
Le khithi ilungele abantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ubudala nangaphezulu, kwaye ikubonelela ngemathiriyeli efunekayo ukuze uqokelele iisampulu zokuswaya ngeempumlo kwaye uzibuyisele elabhoratri kuvavanyo lwePCR.Emva kokuba isampuli ifikile elabhoratri, idla ngokuthatha usuku ukuya kwezimbini ukufumana iziphumo.
Ikiti yokuqokelela yovavanyo ye-Covid ye-Amazon ikuvumela ukuba wenze i-swab yeempumlo kwaye uthumele isampuli kwilabhoratri yase-Amazon, ebandakanya inkonzo yokuhanjiswa kwe-UPS yosuku olulandelayo.Ungazifumana iziphumo kwiiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuba isampulu ifikile elabhoratri.Olu vavanyo lolwabantu abaneminyaka eyi-18 nangaphezulu.
Njengekiti yokuqokelela ekhaya, ikiti yovavanyo lwekhaya ifuna ukuba uqokelele isampulu, kodwa endaweni yokuthumela isampuli kwilabhoratri, ivavanywa kwangoko.Oku kukuvumela ukuba ufumane iziphumo kwimizuzu embalwa, yingakho ezi mvavanyo ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba "zikhefu ngokukhawuleza".
Ezinye iikhithi zovavanyo lwasekhaya zibhengeza ukuba zinokujonga i-Covid kubantu abangenazimpawu.IGhana ithe "akazange avume konke konke" kuba awukwazi ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-PCR ekhaya-olona vavanyo luchanekileyo lwe-Covid.Ke ngoko, iGhana ikholelwa ukuba iikhithi zovavanyo lwasekhaya azilulungelanga uvavanyo lwe-asymptomatic, kwaye zonke iingcali esiye sathetha nazo ziyavumelana noku.
Nangona kunjalo, kuvavanyo lweempawu, iGhana yathi uvavanyo lwasekhaya lwenze kakuhle-wachaza ukuba kuhlala kukho intsholongwane engakumbi emzimbeni, ifikelela kumda onokuwugubungela uvavanyo lwasekhaya.
Ukongeza, uNachman ubonisa ukuba uninzi lweekiti zovavanyo lwasekhaya ziza neemvavanyo ezimbini, kwaye kucetyiswa ukuba uthathe iimvavanyo ezininzi rhoqo ngeentsuku ezimbalwa-ngokweZiko loLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo, oku kubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo oluqhubekayo.Ngokukodwa kubantu abadala abane-asymptomatic, ngosuku lokuqala lovavanyo lwakho ekhaya, isenokungakwazi ukubona intsholongwane, kwaye umphumo wakho unokuba mbi-oku kunokuba kungalunganga.Ngoko ke, iCDC ithi “usenokuvavanywa ukuba unayo xa ugula” yaye igxininisa isizathu sokuba kunconyelwe uthotho lweemvavanyo.
Ikhithi iza neemvavanyo ezimbini zovavanyo oluqhubekayo-i-brand ithi kufuneka uzivavanye kabini phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3, ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-36 ngaphandle.Ibonelela ngezinto ezifunekayo kwi-swabs yeempumlo kunye novavanyo lokwenyani usebenzisa amakhadi ovavanyo kunye nolwelo lonyango.Iziphumo zilungile kwimizuzu eyi-15, kwaye uvavanyo lunokusetyenziswa kubantu abaneminyaka emi-2 nangaphezulu.
Ikhithi yovavanyo ka-Ellume iza ne-analyzer ene-Bluetooth, ekufuneka iqhagamshelwe kwi-smartphone nge-app eyiqabane ukulawula nokufumana iziphumo.Le khithi ikubonelela ngemathiriyeli efunekayo ukwenza uvavanyo ngesampulu yeempumlo.Iziphumo zinokufumaneka kwimizuzu eyi-15, kwaye zingasetyenziswa ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala.
Ikhithi ithengiswa ngokwahlukileyo okanye kwipakethi ye-45, kwaye yenzelwe ukuvumela ukuba wenze iimvavanyo ezimbini kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu kunye nekhefu le-24 ukuya kwiiyure ze-36.Uqokelela isampuli ye-swab yeempumlo kwaye uyintywilisele kwityhubhu yesisombululo kunye nomtya wovavanyo wovavanyo.Iziphumo zilungile malunga nemizuzu eyi-10 kwaye ikhithi yovavanyo ingasetyenziselwa abantu abaneminyaka emi-2 nangaphezulu.
Ngokutsho kwe-CDC, "Nabani na oneempawu unokusebenzisa uvavanyo lokuzivavanya, nokuba sithini na imeko yokugonywa", kwaye "Abantu abangagonywanga abangagonywanga ngeempawu ze-COVID-19 banokusebenzisa uvavanyo lokuzivavanya, ngakumbi ukuba usenokuba usesichengeni senyumoniya entsha ye-coronavirus (COVID-19): COVID-19: COVID-19."I-CDC ithe abantu abagonywe ngokupheleleyo kufuneka bathathele ingqalelo izikhokelo zovavanyo.
Ngokuphathelele abantwana, ezinye iintsapho ziqokelela kwaye zivavanya izixhobo zokubhengeza ukuba zifanelekile kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 nangaphezulu.Nangona kunjalo, uNachman uthe wayengalwazi uphando kolu vavanyo, kubandakanya abantwana abaneempawu okanye abangenazo iimpawu.Nangona abantu bahlala becinga ukuba uvavanyo olusetyenziselwa abantu abadala lunokusetyenziselwa abantwana, wathi akukho datha yaneleyo ukunika impendulo ecacileyo.
Okokugqibela, ukuze uzalisekise i-CDC yovavanyo lwe-Covid yohambo lwamazwe ngamazwe, ungasebenzisa ingqokelela yasekhaya okanye izixhobo zokuvavanya.Nangona kunjalo, abahambi banokusebenzisa kuphela iinketho ezihlangabezana neseti yemigaqo edweliswe kwiwebhusayithi yabo.
UNachman uthe ingqokelela nganye kunye ne-suite yovavanyo yahlukile kwaye ifuna iseti yayo yeenkqubo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufunda imiyalelo kwaye uyilandele ngokungqongqo ngaphambi kokuba uqalise.“Kuvakala kububudenge ukuthetha, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukufunda imiyalelo ngononophelo,” utshilo.
Ukongeza, xa ufumana iziphumo kwingqokelela okanye kuvavanyo lovavanyo, zixelwa kuwe, azichazwanga, utshilo uNachman.Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubiza ugqirha wakho wokhathalelo oluphambili-ingakumbi ukuba uvavanyo luthi unayo-ukufunda ukuba uqhubeke njani.Uthe: "Uvavanyo olwenziwe ekhaya lwenzelwe ukukunika ulwazi kunye nethemba lokuba ungafuna uncedo lokujonga iziphumo, ngakumbi ukuba kukho iziphumo ezilungileyo."
Okokugqibela, iGhana yathi ezinye iimvavanyo zifuna ukusetyenziswa kwee-apps ezixhasayo, ke ngaphambi kokuthenga ingqokelela yasekhaya okanye ikiti yovavanyo, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba i-smartphone yakho iyahambelana nayo.Nangona iimvavanyo ze-Covid kwiikliniki zokuhamba, izibhedlele kunye neeofisi zonyango zihlala zisimahla okanye zikhuselwe yi-inshurensi, uye wabonisa ukuba oku akusoloko kunjalo xa uqokelela kunye novavanyo lwezixhobo ekhaya.
Fumana ulwazi lwamva nje kwizikhokelo zokuthenga kunye neengcebiso zeNBC News, kwaye ukhuphele i-NBC News app ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo ukuqhambuka kwecoronavirus.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-30-2021