Utyelelo lwakho lwesiqhelo lwezempilo lubandakanya ukuqhuba ukuya ekliniki okanye eofisini, ukuzalisa amaphepha athile, kunye nokulinda ukuba umntu akutsalele umnxeba xa umboneleli ekulungele.
Emva koko, usulelo lwe-coronavirus.Ngequbuliso, abantu abaninzi baya kuqeshwa kwikhompyuter okanye ngefowuni, kwaye i-telemedicine iye yaba ligama lekhaya.
Nangona ukuqeshwa kwe-telemedicine kumashumi eminyaka ubudala, kusekho kumphetho wenkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo.Emva kokuba ubhubhane wenze ukuba kube nzima ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zonyango njengangaphambili, i-telemedicine iye yaba yimfuneko, kwaye imiqobo kwimbuyekezo, itekhnoloji, kunye neelayisensi zaqala ukwehla.Iinkqubo ezithile zonyango kufuneka zitshintshe ukusuka ekuphunyezweni kwe-telemedicine encinci ukuya kwi-100% yokudibana okubonakalayo ngobusuku.Kungekudala isigulana saqalisa ukubona ugqirha ekhaya.Nakwimeko yesibhedlele, baya besebenzisana ngakumbi nababoneleli bezempilo nge-iPad.UHarlan Krumholz, unjingalwazi kwezamayeza kwiYale University School of Medicine, uthe uphuhliso lwamva nje kwi-telemedicine “alunakucingelwa ngabantu abaninzi.”
Ngaphambi kobhubhane, ababoneleli bezempilo baye baqonda ukuba i-telemedicine ayinakuphepheka.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa inkqubo yembuyekezo, isithethe kunye nokukhethwa kwezigulane, inkqubo yesibhedlele isengakwazi ukuzikhupha ngokwayo.Ngaphambili, uninzi lwe-telemedicine lwenziwa ngothungelwano lweenkqubo zokhathalelo lwempilo kunye neekliniki ezibizwa ngokuba yimodeli ye "hub", apho iingcali ("hubs") ziya kubonelela ngamaziko ezempilo amancinci kunye nezibhedlele ("i-spokes") Ukubonisana okubonakalayo..Ngokomzekelo, isigulana sinokuya kwiziko lezempilo lasekuhlaleni ukuya kubona ugqirha wengqondo kumgama ongamakhulu eekhilomitha.Kulo bhubhane, le modeli ithathelwe indawo kakhulu yimodeli ethe ngqo kumthengi, kodwa kwiindawo ezinomda we-Intanethi (abantu banokufuna ukuya kwiikliniki zasekuhlaleni) kunye neendawo ezikude ezifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ngaphandle kwezonyango. intsimi, umzekelo kwizigulane ezifuna ukuvavanywa kwi-stroke okanye isifo senhliziyo.
Okothusa abantu abaninzi kukuba, olu tshintsho lukhulu kwi-telemedicine kunye nokufikelela kwinkomfa yevidiyo lusebenza kakuhle.Imibutho yokhathalelo lwempilo iye yakwazi ukubonelela ngononophelo olukhuselekileyo nolunexabiso elithe kratya kunye nexabiso eliphantsi kwizigulana ekhaya.Oku kukwathetha amathuba amaninzi okusebenzela ekhaya, kuxhamle abasebenzi abaninzi bezempilo (umzekelo, abazali abanabantwana).Ukongezelela, umniki-nkonzo unokubona ngaphakathi kwindlu yesigulana, nto leyo enokunceda ekuqondeni kakuhle ubomi besigulana.
ULauren Eberly, umphandi weklinikhi kumayeza entliziyo kwiSikolo sePerelman sezoNyango kwiYunivesithi yasePennsylvania, wakhankanya umzekelo ngexesha lotyelelo lwe-telemedicine xa izigulane zakhe zazithetha ngamayeza akhe.Xa u-Eberly wabuza ngokusela iyeza elithile, isigulana sacinga ukuba uyalithatha-kodwa emva koko wabonisa uEberly ikhabhathi yakhe yamayeza, eyayingenalo myalelo kagqirha.Isigulana sasicinga ukuba sinawo onke amayeza esasiwafuna, kodwa eneneni sasingenalo iyeza elinye, elalinokuba nemiphumo ebuhlungu.
"Ngeendlela ezininzi, [ukusetyenziswa kwe-telemedicine] kuya kuba yenye yezinto ezilungileyo kulo bhubhane," utshilo uDavid Bates, umlawuli weyeza langaphakathi eBrigham kunye neSibhedlele sabasetyhini kunye nonjingalwazi womgaqo-nkqubo wezempilo kunye nolawulo kwiYunivesithi yaseHarvard.Isikolo saseChen Chen seMpilo yoLuntu.
Inkqubo ye-telemedicine enamandla, esisigxina inokunciphisa ukuxinana esibhedlele, ivumela izigulane ezininzi ukuba zithole ukhathalelo ekhaya nangaphandle kwesibhedlele.Oku kunokunceda ukuvumela u-Bates ukuba aqikelele ukuba kwixesha elizayo, iibhedi ezininzi zasesibhedlele zinokusekwa, ngoko ke zinokuba ziiyunithi zokhathalelo olumandla okanye iiyunithi zokhathalelo ngokubanzi endaweni nje enye okanye ngaphezulu.Ngale ndlela, izibhedlele ziya kuba nakho “ukonwaba” ngexesha lemfuno ephezulu, kanye njengoko izibhedlele zaseCalifornia ziye zanamava ngexesha lo bhubhani.
Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwe-telemedicine alufezekanga.Bobabini ababoneleli kunye nezigulana kufuneka baqhelane ngokukhawuleza neqonga letekhnoloji entsha, kwaye kunzima ukuba abantu balawule ukufikelela kwividiyo, bafumanise indlela yokusebenzisa usetyenziso lwenkomfa yevidiyo okanye ukugcina uqhagamshelo lwe-Intanethi oluzinzileyo.Ababoneleli banokuphoswa iimpawu ezingabonakaliyo kunye nezinye izinto ezifihlakeleyo zokutyelela isigulane, okanye basilele ukubonisa uvelwano ngeendlela eziqhelekileyo zobuso ngobuso, njengokubonelela ngezandla ezithuthuzelayo.Amanye amaqonga awanawo awona manyathelo okhuseleko angcono.Ngaphezu koko, ukuba isigulana sifuna ukwenza uviwo oluthile, alunakwenziwa nje esizeni.
Xa sithetha ngokubanzi, ubhubhane unikezele ngovavanyo kwiinkqubo ezininzi zempilo ukuba zamkele i-telemedicine ngokubanzi.Nangona kunjalo, njengalo naluphi na uhlobo lwe-beta, inguqulelo ephuculweyo.Ukuze i-telemedicine ifikelele kumandla ayo apheleleyo, iya kufuna iindlela ezingcono zokuthatha inxaxheba kwesigulane, ezifana nokubeka iliso kude, umzekelo, indlela yokuba abantu bafumane uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nezinye iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ekhaya.Ababoneleli ngezempilo basafunda kwanezona zinto zincinci, njengokungadibani njengesiqhelo ngexesha lotyelelo.Iqonga le-telemedicine liya kuqhubeka liphuculwa ngokusetyenziswa, ubumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko.
Ukuze i-telemedicine ifikelele kwisakhono sayo, kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo ukuba ngubani oza kusala ngasemva.Ii-smartphones zinokunceda ukudibanisa ulwahlulo lwedijithali, kodwa kumaqela amaninzi, kuhlala kukho imiqobo yokufikelela kwitekhnoloji.Umzekelo, abantu abasuka kuhlanga oluncinci baphawulwa ngamazinga asezantsi okwamkelwa kwebroadband kunye namazinga aphantsi okusetyenziswa kwekhompyuter kunye ne-Intanethi.Izigulana ezisele zikhulile zinokuba nomnxeba wasekhaya kuphela kwaye azikwazi ukufikelela kwividiyo.
Uphononongo lwakutsha nje lwabaguli abaceba ukutyelelwa nge-telemedicine kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala zobhubhani we-coronavirus lubonisa ukuba kukho ukungalingani okukhulu ekusebenziseni i-telemedicine.Ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-telemedicine (kubandakanywa nomnxeba kunye nevidiyo) kuphantsi phakathi kwabantu abadala, i-Asia okanye izigulane ezithetha isiNgesi.Ngokufanayo, abadala, ababhinqileyo, abamnyama okanye iLatino, abantu abanesimo esisezantsi sentlalo qoqosho basebenzisa ukufikelela kwividiyo kancinci rhoqo.
"Sakha inkqubo entsha ye-telemedicine, esinika ithuba lokusombulula ingxaki," kusho u-Eberly."Xa siphumeza, nokuba bubuchwephesha obuninzi okanye ubutsha obungaphezulu, kufuneka sisebenzise isakhelo ukuze siqhubeke nokuvavanya ukungalingani kwesakhiwo kwi-telemedicine."
I-Telemedicine iya kufuna utyalo-mali olongezelelweyo.Iziko leNercy Virtual Care, iziko elikhulu lezonyango, libe yinkokeli ekuncedeni imibutho ithathele ingqalelo ukhathalelo lwenyani.NgokukaBates, iNceba ichitha malunga ne-5% yengeniso yayo kwi-telemedicine, ephezulu kakhulu kunezinye iinkqubo zesibhedlele inkcitho kwi-telemedicine (malunga ne-0.1% ukuya kwi-0.2% yengeniso yayo).
UBates uthe: "Sityala imali encinci kwi-(telemedicine).""Kuya kubakho utshintsho kwixesha elizayo, kodwa kuya kuthatha ixesha."
Ukuphucula i-telemedicine kufuna umgaqo-nkqubo wexesha elide kunye nohlaziyo lolawulo.Phambi kobhubhani we-coronavirus, nangona i-telemedicine yayiphunyezwe ngempumelelo kwiinkalo ezininzi zobuchwephesha, phantse akukho mbuyiselo yeendleko ze-telemedicine.Emva kokuba ubhubhane ubhengezwe njengengxakeko yezempilo yoluntu, iinkampani zeinshurensi, kunye neMedicare kunye neMedicaid, zibonelele ngokhuseleko olwandisiweyo lwe-telemedicine.ICongress, urhulumente wobumbano kunye noorhulumente bamazwe baye bakhulula ukugcinwa kwemfihlo kwesigulana kunye nemithetho ye-telemedicine.Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lolu hlaziyo lwakhutshwa okwethutyana ngexesha likaxakeka zempilo yoluntu, kwaye nangona ubhubhani ungekapheli, sele uqalisile ukubuyisela umva.
Ngokufanelekileyo, intlawulo yembuyekezo yazo zonke iindlela zonyango (ubuso ngobuso, ividiyo kunye nefowuni) kufuneka ifane, ingabi yethutyana.Ngaphandle kolu lungelelwaniso, ababoneleli ababonelela nge-telemedicine (njengokundwendwela ngomnxeba kubantu abahlelelekileyo) baya kohlwaywa kakhulu ngenxa yokuba amaxabiso embuyekezo yabo ephantsi.Noko ke, zikho izizathu zokuba nethemba.Umzekelo, ngenkxaso yamaqela amabini, uMthetho woKhuseleko lweTelemedicine ka-2021 emva kwe-COVID-19 kunye noMthetho weTelemedicine Modernation Act ka-2021 ucetyiselwe kwiCongress mva nje.Urhuluneli waseMassachusetts, uCharlie Baker, usandul 'ukutyikitya i-bill yokulungiswa kwezempilo, efuna ukuba iindleko zokutyelela i-telemedicine yokuziphatha kufuneka zifane neendleko zokutyelela ubuso ngobuso kwithuba leminyaka emibini.Ngaphandle kwemimiselo enjalo, kuya kubakho ukhuselo lwe-telemedicine kwilizwe.Kodwa abachaphazelekayo abafuni ukwenza utyelelo lwe-telemedicine ngaphandle kokubonelela ngexabiso kwizigulane.
"Abantu baya kufuna ukuphendula," utshilo uKrumholz.Uye wachaza ukuba kuba izigulana ezifana ne-telemedicine zihlala zindwendwela ugqirha, iinkampani zeinshurensi ziya kuqhubeka nokubhala uxinzelelo lwe-telemedicine.
UJoseph Kvedar, uprofesa we-dermatology kwi-Harvard Medical School kunye nosihlalo we-American Telemedicine Association, uthe umgaqo-nkqubo wembuyekezo olula ubaluleke kakhulu njengentlawulo.Ukuba yinto entsonkothileyo, inkampani yeinshorensi maxa wambi isenokulikhaba ityala, okanye isigulana sinokufumana intlawulo ebesingayilindelanga.
Ukongeza kwindlela yembuyekezo, kukho ezinye iinkalo zomgaqo-nkqubo ekufuneka zihlaziywe.Umzekelo, kukho izithintelo zokufikelela kwizigulana kuwo wonke amazwe nge-telemedicine.Nangona esi sithintelo sinentsingiselo kutyelelo lokuqala, kusenokuba yimfuneko ukunyenyisa iimfuno zeemvume zikarhulumente ukuze ulandelelo lwenziwe ngokupheleleyo.Inkonzo yebroadband ngokubanzi nayo iyafuneka.
Omnye weyona mibuzo iphambili eqhuba i-telemedicine yile: Kuyenza nini ingqiqo ukuba ababoneleli babone izigulana ngokobuqu kunokuba babone ividiyo?Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zesigulana, imimandla ethile efana nonyango lwengqondo inokulungela kakhulu ulandelelwano lwenyani.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yesidingo sezixhobo ezikhethekileyo, abanye abantu (umzekelo, ukubona ugqirha ukuze babone okanye bave) bemkile.
Ngokubanzi, imibutho yokhathalelo lwempilo iseneengxaki ezingasonjululwanga, kubandakanywa nendlela yokusebenzisa kakuhle ukwakheka kwayo komzimba kunye nendlela yokuhlela izigulane.Kodwa ezi ngxaki zinokuconjululwa.Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-telemedicine ine kwaye iya kuqhubeka nokubonelela abantu ngexabiso elikhulu.
“Siza kubona ukukhula kwayo kuphela.Kusekuninzi ekufuneka kufundwe, kodwa eli lixesha elinika umdla.”Utshilo uKrumholz.
Hlaziya nge-1 kaMatshi ngo-2021: Eli nqaku lihlaziywe ukubonisa ukuba uJoseph kovdal okwangoku ungusihlalo we-American Telemedicine Association.
I-Future Tense liqabane le-Slate, i-New America kunye neYunivesithi yase-Arizona State, ezinikele ekuphandeni ubugcisa obuvelayo, umgaqo-nkqubo woluntu kunye noluntu.
Isileyiti sixhomekeke kwiintengiso ukuxhasa ubuntatheli bethu.Ukuba uyawuxabisa umsebenzi wethu, nceda uvale i-ad blocker yakho.
Ngokujoyina iSlate Plus, uya kuwuxhasa umsebenzi wethu kwaye ufumane umxholo okhethekileyo.Kwaye awusoze uphinde uwubone lo myalezo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-02-2021