I-COVID-19 sisifo esibangelwa yi-coronavirus entsha i-SARS-CoV-2.Nangona i-COVID-19 inobulali ukuya kumodareyitha kwiimeko ezininzi, inokubangela ukugula kakhulu.
Kukho iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zokufumanisa i-COVID-19.Uvavanyo lwentsholongwane, olufana novavanyo lwemolekyuli kunye ne-antigen, lunokubona usulelo lwangoku.Kwangaxeshanye, uvavanyo lwe-antibody lunokuqinisekisa ukuba wosulelwe yi-coronavirus entsha ngaphambili.
Ngezantsi, siza kucalula uhlobo ngalunye lovavanyo lwe-COVID-19 ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.Siza kufunda indlela ezenziwa ngayo, ixesha ezinokulindelwa ngalo iziphumo, kunye nokuchaneka kwazo.Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi.
Uvavanyo lwemolekyuli ye-COVID-19 isetyenziselwa ukunceda ukufumanisa usulelo lwangoku lwe-coronavirus.Ungabona kwakhona olu hlobo lovavanyo olubizwa ngokuba:
Uvavanyo lwemolekyuli lusebenzisa iiprobe ezithile ukubona ubukho bemathiriyeli yemfuza evela kwi-coronavirus entsha.Ukuphucula ukuchaneka, iimvavanyo ezininzi zemolekyuli zinokufumanisa iijene zentsholongwane ezininzi, hayi enye.
Uninzi lweemvavanyo zemolekyuli zisebenzisa iimpumlo okanye iiswab zomqala ukuqokelela iisampulu.Ukongezelela, iintlobo ezithile zovavanyo lweemolekyuli zingenziwa kwiisampuli zamathe eziqokelelwe ngokucela ukuba utshice kumbhobho.
Ixesha lokuguqula uvavanyo lwemolekyuli linokwahluka.Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa iimvavanyo zangoko nangoko kunokufumana iziphumo kwimizuzu eli-15 ukuya kuma-45.Xa iisampulu kufuneka zithunyelwe elabhoratri, kunokuthatha intsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 ukufumana iziphumo.
Uvavanyo lwemolekyuli lujongwa “njengomgangatho wegolide” wokufumanisa i-COVID-19.Umzekelo, uphononongo luka-2021 lwe-Cochrane lufumanise ukuba iimvavanyo zemolekyuli zafumanisa ngokuchanekileyo i-95.1% yeemeko ze-COVID-19.
Ke ngoko, iziphumo eziqinisekileyo zovavanyo lwemolekyuli zihlala zanele ukufumanisa i-COVID-19, ngakumbi ukuba uneempawu ze-COVID-19.Emva kokuba ufumene iziphumo, akukho mfuneko yokuphinda uvavanyo.
Unokufumana iziphumo ezingezizo ezingalunganga kwiimvavanyo zemolekyuli.Ukongeza kwiimpazamo kuqokelelo lwesampulu, ukuthuthwa, okanye ukusetyenzwa, ixesha likwabalulekile.
Ngenxa yezi zinto, kubalulekile ukufuna uvavanyo ngoko nangoko emva kokuba uqalise ukuba neempawu ze-COVID-19.
Umthetho weSapho lokuQala ngeCoronavirus (FFCRA) ngoku uqinisekisa uvavanyo lwasimahla lwe-COVID-19, nokuba sithini na imeko ye-inshorensi.Oku kubandakanya uvavanyo lwemolekyuli.Elona xabiso lovavanyo lwemolekyuli liqikelelwa phakathi kwe-75 yeedola kunye ne-100 yeedola.
Ngokufana novavanyo lwemolekyuli, uvavanyo lwe-antigen lunokusetyenziswa ukufumanisa ukuba ngoku unayo i-COVID-19.Usenokubona olu hlobo lovavanyo olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo olukhawulezayo lwe-COVID-19.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wovavanyo lwe-antigen kukukhangela iimpawu ezithile zentsholongwane ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antigens.Ukuba i-antigen ye-coronavirus yenoveli ifunyenwe, ii-antibodies ezisetyenziswe kuvavanyo lwe-antigen ziya kuzibophelela kwaye zivelise iziphumo ezilungileyo.
Sebenzisa i-swabs yeempumlo ukuqokelela iisampuli zovavanyo lwe-antigen.Ungafumana uvavanyo lwe-antigen kwiindawo ezininzi, ezinje:
Ixesha lokuguqula uvavanyo lwe-antigen lidla ngokukhawuleza kunovavanyo lwe-molecular.Kungathatha malunga nemizuzu eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-30 ukufumana iziphumo.
Uvavanyo lwe-Antigen aluchanekanga njengovavanyo lwe-molecular.Uphononongo luka-2021 lwe-Cochrane ekuxoxwe ngalo ngasentla lufumanise ukuba uvavanyo lwe-antigen ichonge ngokuchanekileyo i-COVID-19 kuma-72% kunye nama-58% abantu abaneempawu ze-COVID-19 nangaphandle, ngokulandelelanayo.
Nangona iziphumo ezilungileyo zihlala zichanekile kakhulu, iziphumo ezingezizo zobuxoki zisenokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo novavanyo lwemolekyuli, njengovavanyo lwe-antigen lwangaphambi kwexesha emva kosulelo lwe-coronavirus entsha.
Ngenxa yokuchaneka okuphantsi kovavanyo lwe-antigen, uvavanyo lwemolekyuli lunokufuneka ukuze kuqinisekiswe iziphumo ezingalunganga, ngakumbi ukuba ngoku uneempawu ze-COVID-19.
Njengovavanyo lwe-molecular, uvavanyo lwe-antigen okwangoku lukhululekile kungakhathaliseki ukuba imeko ye-inshurensi phantsi kwe-FFCRA.Elona xabiso lovavanyo lwe-antigen luqikelelwa phakathi kwe-US $ 5 kunye ne-US $ 50.
Uvavanyo lwe-antibody lunokunceda ukufumanisa ukuba wosulelwe yi-COVID-19 ngaphambili.Ungalubona nolu hlobo lovavanyo olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lweserological okanye uvavanyo lweserological.
Uvavanyo lwe-antibody lujonga ii-antibodies ngokuchasene ne-coronavirus entsha egazini lakho.Amajoni omzimba ziiprotheyini ezithi amajoni akho omzimba aphendule kusulelo okanye kugonyo.
Kuthatha iveki e-1 ukuya kwe-3 ukuze umzimba wakho uqalise ukuvelisa izilwa-buhlungu.Ke ngoko, ngokungafaniyo novavanyo lwentsholongwane ezimbini ezixoxwe ngasentla, uvavanyo lwe-antibody alunakukunceda ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba ngoku bosulelwe yi-coronavirus entsha.
Ixesha lokuguqula uvavanyo lwe-antibody liyahluka.Ezinye iindawo ezisecaleni kwebhedi zinokubonelela ngeziphumo zosuku.Ukuba uthumela isampuli kwilabhoratri ukuze ihlalutywe, ungafumana iziphumo malunga neentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3.
Olunye uphononongo lwe-Cochrane ngo-2021 lujonga ukuchaneka kovavanyo lwe-antibody ye-COVID-19.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuchaneka kovavanyo kwanda ngokuhamba kwexesha.Umzekelo, uvavanyo lu:
Sisaqonda ukuba zingahlala ixesha elingakanani ii-antibodies ezivela kusulelo lwendalo lwe-SARS-CoV-2.Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba amajoni omzimba anokuhlala kangangeenyanga ezi-5 ukuya kwezisi-7 kubantu abapholileyo kwi-COVID-19.
Njengovavanyo lwemolekyuli kunye ne-antigen, i-FFCRA ikwabandakanya uvavanyo lwe-antibody.Elona xabiso lovavanyo lwe-antibody liqikelelwa phakathi kwe-US$30 kunye ne-US $50.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lwasekhaya lwe-COVID-19 ziyafumaneka ngoku, kubandakanya imolekyuli, i-antigen, kunye novavanyo lwe-antibody.Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lwe-COVID-19 ekhaya:
Uhlobo lwesampulu eqokelelweyo luxhomekeke kuhlobo lovavanyo kunye nomenzi.Uvavanyo lwentsholongwane ekhaya lusenokufuna i-swab yeempumlo okanye isampulu yamathe.Uvavanyo lwe-antibody lwasekhaya lufuna ukuba unikeze isampulu yegazi ethathwe kwiincam zeminwe yakho.
Uvavanyo lwe-COVID-19 lwasekhaya lunokwenziwa kwiikhemesti, kwiivenkile ezithengisayo, okanye kwi-intanethi, ngomyalelo okanye ngaphandle komyalelo.Nangona ezinye izicwangciso ze-inshurensi zinokugubungela ezi ndleko, kusenokufuneka uthwale iindleko ezithile, ke qiniseka ukuba ujongana nomboneleli wakho we-inshurensi.
NgokwaMaziko oLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo (CDC), ukuvavanyelwa i-COVID-19 yangoku kuyacetyiswa phantsi kwezi meko zilandelayo:
Uvavanyo lwentsholongwane lubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba ngoku unayo i-coronavirus entsha kwaye kufuneka ube wedwa ekhaya.Oku kubalulekile ukunceda ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwe-SARS-CoV-2 eluntwini.
Unokufuna ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-antibody ukuze ubone ukuba wosulelwe yi-coronavirus entsha ngaphambili.Ingcali yezempilo inokukucebisa malunga nokuba ungacebisa uvavanyo lwe-antibody.
Nangona iimvavanyo ze-antibody zinokukuxelela ukuba wosulelwe yi-SARS-CoV-2 ngaphambili, abanakumisela inqanaba lakho lokugomela.Oku kungenxa yokuba akukacaci ukuba ukugonywa kwendalo kwi-coronavirus entsha kuya kuhlala ixesha elingakanani.
Ngesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuba ungathembeli kuvavanyo lwe-antibody ukulinganisa ukuba ukhuselwe na kwi-coronavirus entsha.Nokuba sithini na isiphumo, kusabalulekile ukuqhubeka nokuthatha amanyathelo emihla ngemihla ukuthintela i-COVID-19.
Uvavanyo lwe-antibody lukwasisixhobo esiluncedo se-epidemiological.Amagosa ezempilo oluntu anokuzisebenzisa ukujonga ubungakanani bokuvezwa koluntu kwi-coronavirus entsha.
Uvavanyo lwentsholongwane lusetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba unayo na i-COVID-19 ngoku.Iindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo lwentsholongwane luvavanyo lwemolekyuli kunye novavanyo lwe-antigen.Kwezi zimbini, ukufumanisa imolekyuli kuchaneka ngakumbi.
Uvavanyo lwe-antibody lunokuqinisekisa ukuba wosulelwe yi-coronavirus entsha ngaphambili.Kodwa abanakusibona isifo sangoku se-COVID-19.
NgokoMthetho weMpendulo yoSapho lokuQala kwiCoronavirus, zonke iimvavanyo ze-COVID-19 ngoku zisimahla.Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga novavanyo lwe-COVID-19 okanye iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nengcali yezempilo.
Ngovavanyo olukhawulezayo, umngcipheko wokufumana iziphumo zobuxoki ze-COVID-19 uphezulu kakhulu.Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo olukhawulezayo luseluvavanyo lokuqala oluluncedo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-20-2021